Comparing the marketing of Tescos and Audi Essay Example for Free

Looking at the promoting of Tescos and Audi Essay For this assignment we have been approached to take a gander at the manners in which two unique organizations advertise their items and administrations the two organizations we have been approached to take a gander at are Tesco Audi. The first Tesco was opened in 1919 by a man called; Jack Cohen from that 1 store Tesco has developed in the market and now has 923 stores around the world, Tesco is a grocery store that sells a wide range of family unit things, for example, food, garments go, innovation extend, telephone territory furniture, toys and some more, Tesco has a wide range of stores which rake in tons of cash each year. Tesco utilizes its image to acquire new clients and furthermore hold old clients since they are a solid business that is notable by numerous individuals of their clients. They are known for their modest items and reasonable costs which draw in clients to return and purchase once more, They get new clients by doing things like publicizing and advancing their items and business on things like flyers, T.V, Internet, Comparison destinations and a great deal of different spots, they additionally do things like club cards which permit clients to get a few items at lower costs or free, this makes the client need to return and shop again on the grounds that they like the method of administration. We have been approached to pick one item from every business and talk about the advertising strategies between them, from Tesco I have decided to do a Mobile telephone, the objective markets of this item is everybody, except nearly everybody needs a cell phone, the marking of the cell phone will be diverse provided that the telephones are produced using various organizations their brands will be on them, Tesco will utilize adverts to advance the telephone and get individuals intrigued so they will get it, Tesco utilizes relationship promoting with telephone brands, for example, Nokia, Samsung ECT as they sell their items in side their stores, The cell phone has an enormous number of opponent items as there are bunches of various telephone models to browse and this specific telephone probably won't get purchased. An Ansoff grid is a business procedure that organizations use to build deals and improve their market, Tesco is growing new items in existing markets since they as of now have a market and they simply need new items to sell in their market, for instance if Tesco made another item their image telephone they would sell it under their name in their stores. Tesco continually utilizes the Ansoff framework as they are continually discharging new items, and selling them, once in a while Tesco would take a shot at improving a market and here and there they make totally new items, If Tesco discharge another cell phone they would be discharging another item into a current market which would utilize the Ansoff grid. Audi AG (Xetra: NSU) is a German producer of a scope of autos, from supermini to hybrid SUVs in different body styles and value extends that are advertised under the Audi brand. The organization is headquartered in Ingolstadt, Germany, and has been a completely possessed auxiliary of Volkswagen AG since 1966, after a staged acquisition of its forerunner, Auto Union, from its previous proprietor, Daimler-Benz. Volkswagen re-propelled the Audi brand with the 1965 presentation of the Audi F103 arrangement. The organization name depends on the family name of the author August Horch, which means listen †which, when converted into Latin, becomes Audi. Audi utilizes its image to sell their items, Audi is a notable and believed brand and individuals can purchase from them with trust not at all like littler organizations, clients realize that they can trust Audi, on the grounds that they have dependable vehicles that they sell and the open know these realities about the business so they trust the organization and purchase the vehicle. We have been approached to pick one item to portray the showcasing methods they use, I have decided to do the Audi RS4, the objective of this vehicle would be any individual who can drive and individuals who have cash, The marking of this vehicle would have the Audi Logo on it, Audi will utilize things like adverts to advance their item, publicizing expands deals, Audi can utilize Relationship advertising with Car vendors/shops which sell their vehicles, Audi has a ton of adversaries due to there being numerous other vehicle organizations that are selling vehicles like them, for example, Mercedes, Bmw, ECT, so Audi should be better that different organizations and demonstrate that they are the best vehicle seller available. An Ansoff grid is a business methodology that organizations use to expand deals and improve their market; Audi is continually making new items in their current markets, and some of the time making new items for new markets, for instance Audi would not begin another organization to sell new items under, they would simply make new items which would be vehicles and sell them under their present name which would be Audi. Audi continually utilizes the Ansoff lattice as they are continually making new vehicles and selling them, some of the time Audi would deal with improving a market and some of the time they make totally new items, for instance If Audi made another vehicle they would sell it under their image name and this is utilizing the Ansoff Matrix.

In school suspensions, out of school suspensions and expulsions Essay

Removals and suspensions allude to the disciplinary authorizations and regulations that are forced and rendered to understudies who have submitted social offense while at school. Ejection alludes to the changeless expulsion of an understudy from the tutoring framework. Ejection comes following the commission of specific offenses that are regarded phenomenally genuine. On account of such a removal, the law gives that such an understudy may not be retained inside some other tutoring framework (Skiba, Eaton, Sotoo, 2004). As indicated by the government training law on District schools, an ousted understudy is never permitted to be furrowed back to any school. Schools are in this way expected to stick to exacting rules and guidelines for understudies that are under removal. Suspension then again while in or even out of school alludes to a halfway and brief separation of an understudy from the typical timetable of the school. This may either be for nearly three days, exactly ten days or a period that could be longer than this. An inconclusive suspension by a school rule requests that an understudy is rendered with all the set down securities as he/she was under ejection. The government law gives that crippled understudies be given an alternate treatment which gives them a more noteworthy limit of insurance towards their control while at school. Thusly, the locale should assess whether understudies under ejection could be dependent upon exceptional needs so as to give them the most ideal condition of equity while under this administrative punishment (http://thought. gseis. cla. edu/distributions/suspension/pictures/suspension. pdf). As per the government law, principals are given the order to remove understudies that may forces hazardous weapon(s), controlled medicine, liquor or illicit medications and making any ambush to the school employee(s). Additionally, understudies might be ousted or suspended when under the conviction or charge of crime. Removal or suspension subsequently requires a meeting which for this situation might be either formal or casual. The casual hearing is what comes following the event of the offense. Casual hearing may just cure a suspension. Nonetheless, a proper hearing is what happens before the ejection of an understudy. A conventional hearing requires a full warning of the understudy just as his/her gatekeeper or a parent on issues, for example, the spot of the consultation, reasons, time and area. Impermanent suspension may likewise tag along in the occasion the chief has the accept that a specific understudy is of danger to the school representatives, property or even to his/her kindred understudies (http://www. yh. com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails. aspx? p=114&np=99&id=2239). The law additionally furnishes that the understudy be shed sure legitimate rights on issues of ejections and hearings. This may incorporate notification of the charges that ought to be composed. In this unique situation, the understudy is under the legitimate commitment of been furnished with a clarification that is composed clarifying the specific parameters of the difficulty binding him/ her to ejection or suspension. The chief ought to likewise give a consultation notice that ought to be composed. This ought to incorporate date of this consultation, spot and time. The understudy is likewise under the privilege of bringing a delegate, for example, a supporter or a legal counselor. He/she is likewise under the lawful right of bringing proof or observers as a valuable to the case (http://www. clcm. organization/student_suspension. htm). Both removal and suspension are esteemed acceptable models to reestablish a child’s conduct and acquire control the typical running of the school.

Why do governments in less developed countries have difficulty in Essay

For what reason do governments in less created nations experience issues in controlling cash flexibly development so as to control expansion - Essay Example As clarified, if in this specific circumstance, a country’s national bank selects decrease in cash gracefully so as to dispose of the swelling present in the economy, it will bring down the total national output much more and just reinforce the stagnation present in the economy significantly more. This circumstance, whenever proceeded as a drawn out arrangement, will prompt interest pull expansion over the long haul. This is on the grounds that on one hand the national yield will be at a low level and on the other, because of a high populace development ate in these less evolved economies, soon the total interest will ascend to a stunning level which, whenever subdued through a further decrease of cash flexibly, will prompt a stagnation expansion winding. (Chandavarkar, 1996, 9) Another issue pursuing these less evolved economies is high pace of joblessness. Presently a decrease in cash gracefully, as clarified above will dishearten venture and consequently bring down the degree of yield. As common a lower level of yield is additionally connected with a low degree of work. So this approach in course of time will make generous expansion to the draw of jobless workers of the less evolved economy. The less evolved economies need to hold up under with a specific degree of expansion so as to encounter development and in this way guarantee business. Hence, if a decrease in cash gracefully is taken by the national bank as a strategy to tame expansion in such economies it will just prompt since quite a while ago run irritation of other financial diseases. (Lipsey and Harbury, 1992, 252) Besides, the less evolved economies are commonly described with dark advertisers who figure out how to feign the legislature and in this way run an equal economy. In such an economy, frequently swelling is brought about by untrustworthy capacity of merchandise so as to blow up the cost misleadingly and henceforth procure the benefit. In such cases

Microevolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Microevolution - Essay Example Rivalry in the wild is a definitive answer for endurance. Creatures with novel highlights endure while those with undesirable highlights bite the dust. Iguanas that couldn't endure the development procedure had no choice however amazing. Iguanas needed to connect themselves to their folks to security until they were full grown. They adjusted to taking care of prickly plants and blossoms in nature. Rivalry among living beings in a similar situation kills the more fragile age from the general public. Darwin noticed that the tortoises in Galapagos Island were unmistakable in their specific way. They were extremely unmistakable, and people could rapidly tell the island of inception. There is a cozy connection between the land iguanas and the finches.That sets in another hypothesis whose proposition bolsters why land iguanas are predominant in Laguna de Manialtepec, South Mexico (Darwin&Quammen, 12). The decision of food eaten by living beings and the time food takes to arrive at the gastrointestinal tract of the iguanas is crucial in the development of the creature. Regular nourishments are separated for vitality, nitrogen, calcium among other urgent minerals. The arrangement of the iguana's procedures top notch nourishments. As indicated by Darwin, not all living beings have equivalent possibilities in the battle for endurance (Darwin&Quammen, 23). The plants that have adjusted to the earth are solid and have a superior possibility of enduring. The fittest creatures endure cruel conditions. Land iguanas recreate to their maximum capacity and adjust to the states of Laguna de Manialtepec.

Positive Interventions Happiness Attained from Acts of Kindness and Gratitude Essay Example For Students

Positive Interventions: Happiness Attained from Acts of Kindness and Gratitude Essay Positive intercessions have recently been appeared to positively affect those associated with these sorts of exercises. This examination estimated that performing kind acts and taking note of appreciation would positively affect satisfaction as estimated without anyone else regard. Further, it was anticipated that distinctions would be watched dependent on a few variables: exploratory condition, sex, and strict duty. Members (N=30) from a huge, northeastern, urban college took part in an analysis in which positive intercessions were performed every day for multi week. Pre-test and post-test proportions of joy were gotten. The discoveries affirmed an expansion in joy following the two intercessions. Be that as it may, the distinctions anticipated dependent on the variables examined were not watched. Catchphrases: kind acts, appreciation, satisfaction, prosperity, sex, religion, self-esteem?Along with life and freedom, the quest for bliss is among the most major standards in American culture. The men who established the United States of America in the late eighteenth century recorded these three qualities as â€Å"unalienable rights† for the residents of the new country they made. In an ongoing report taking a gander at the quest for bliss, Lyubomirsky, Sheldon, and Schkade expressed, â€Å"If it is significant and essential to seek after joy, at that point it is critical to discover how this can be accomplished† (2005, p. 126). In later work, Sheldon and Lyubomirsky (2006) saw that little research has been done to reveal the specific techniques in which bliss increments. The perspectives offered in these earlier activities are essential to the present examination in light of the fact that there is proof that despite the fact that joy is sought after, joy isn't cultivated by the majori. .le gains in satisfaction: Change your activities, not your conditions. Diary of Happiness Studies, 7(1), 55-86. doi:10. 1007/s10902-005-0868-8Sin, N. L., Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Upgrading prosperity and lightening burdensome side effects with positive brain science intercessions: A training benevolent meta-investigation. Diary of Clinical Psychology, 65(5), 467-487. doi:10.1002/jclp.20593Sinclair, S. J., Blais, M. A. , Gansler, D. A., Sandberg, E., Bistis, K., LoCicero, A. (2010). Psychometric properties of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Overall and across segment bunches living inside the United States. Assessment The Health Professions, 33(1), 56-80. doi:10.1177/0163278709356187Watts, F., Dutton, K., Gulliford, L. (2006). Human profound characteristics: Integrating brain science and religion. Emotional well-being, Religion Culture, 9(3), 277-289. doi:10.1080/13694670600615524

Introduction Of The History Of Bank Of International Settlement And Basel Financial Essay - Free Essay Example

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is the institutional home of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, the organizations mandates are to promote international monetary and financial cooperation and serve as a bank for central banks. The BIS also houses the secretariats of several committees and organizations focusing on the international financial system, including the Basel Committee, although these entities are not formally a part of the BIS. BIS membership currently totals 55 central banks. The BIS was created in 1930 within the framework of the Young Plan to address the issue of German reparations. Its focus soon shifted to the promotion of international financial cooperation and monetary stability. These goals were initially pursued through regular meetings of central bank officials and economic experts directed toward promoting discussion and facilitating decision-making processes, as well as through the development of a research staff to compile and distribute financial statistics. The BIS also played a role in implementing and sustaining the Bretton Woods system. Besides, Basel is third most populous city with about 166,000 inhabitants. Located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet, Basel also has suburbs in France and Germany. With 830,000 inhabitants in the tri-national urban agglomeration as of 2004, Basel is Switzerlands second largest urban area. Basel functions as a major industrial centre for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The Basel region, culturally extending into German Baden-Wuttemberg and French Alsace, reflects the heritage of its three states in the modern latin name Regio TriRhena. It has the oldest university of the Swiss Confederation (1460). Basel is German-speaking; the local variant of the Swiss German dialect is called Basel German. The detail indicator in Basel I, II, III. Basel I, which is the first credit risk analysis instrument start used in 1998 and also called as Basel Accord. They are classified into different categories of the banks assets according to different credit risk, carrying risk weights of zero, ten, twenty, fifty, and up to one hundred percent. The basic risk weighted assets are required to for banks capital is equal to 8%. However, there is argument from JP Morgan Chase, he mentioned that 8%of minimum requirement is unreasonable, and implement credit default swaps so that in reality they would have to hold capital equivalent to only 1.6% of assets. According to Ahmed Khalidi (2007), they mentioned that Basel I was designed to establish minimum levels of capital for internationally active banks. The main setting of the standards is based on rules of the thumb, that is relatively crude method of assigning risk weights on balance sheet and off balance sheet asset categories. Besides, this also focussed on credit risks but ignoring the bulk of the multiple risks may face in banking industry today. For Basel II, there is the second of the Basel Accords, which are recommendations on banking laws and regulations issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Basel II uses three pillars concepts, which are minimum capital requirements, supervisory review and market discipline. From previous researchers Wignall Atkinson (2010) found that, the simplified Basel II approach is more granular than Basel I, but retains its basic features. When facing the financial crisis, the Basel Committee cutting the risk weight to mortgages by some 30% and much more in the complicated version. In additional, for the weight for lending between banks was in lower percentage which 20% under Basel I, and it still maintained the same portion in Basel II, but it likely to cut 20 30 % under the sophisticated approach. Based on the research done by Ahmed Khalidi (2007), they have examined the process of development of the Basel Accord from a simple and crude credit risk measurement based capital adequacy accord into a comprehensive risk control framework grounded on three different pillars as below. The first pillar, which is aims to improve the link between bank capital and the risks that could lead to Bank insolvency. There are three major component of risks are can be calculated, which are credit risk, operational risk, and market risk. The calculation of credit risk may separate to three different degree namely standardized approach, which Foundation IRB and Advance IRB. IRB stands for Internal Rating-Based Approach. Besides, also have three different approaches to mention, which is BIA, standardized approach, and the internal measurement approach. The method to measure the market risk is VaR (value at risk). The second pillar is supervisory pillar which aims to improve the supervision capacity of regulators to control the risk of bank failure. The deals of the first pillar, which giving regulators much improved tools over those available under Basel I, it also provides the framework to dealing with other risks may face by all banks. This will improve the risk management system of banking industry. The third pillar is aims to promote greater stability in the financial system. This pillar is allowed the market discipline to operate by requiring lenders to publicly provide banks risk management methods, risk rating measurement and risk distributions. In order to strengthen the banks competitive; they must make that lend greater insight into the adequacy of their capitalisation. Basel III is a new global regulatory standard on bank capital adequacy and liquidity agreed by the members of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. This third version of the Basel is found during the global Financial Crisis. Basel III is more focussed on the banks capital requirements and introduces the new rules of bank liquidity or bank leverage. Based on the OECD estimation, the implementation of this Basel III may improve the annual GDP growth by 0.005 0.15 % point. The development of Basel I, II, III and beyond From Basel I to Basel II The initial Basel I Accord was based on a simple model to measure capital. The starting objective for Basel I was to ensure banks to maintain enough capital to absorb losses without causing systemic problems. Besides it also play an important role in the soundness of banks by avoiding competitiveness conflicts between each others (Wignall Atkinson, 2010). Although it was very simple to be used but this approach had became less effective for the bank to measure its capital over these years. There are problems appeared in Basel I such as it measure the risk based across exposure groups and not the individual elements of credit worthiness within these groups. Besides, this approach also lack of sufficient risk differentiation for individual loans and no recognition of diversification benefits. In conclusion, Basel I is lack of soundness in risk management. After many issues appearing during the time of implementation of Basel I, Basel II was created as the improvement of Basel I to overcome its limitations. The main difference between Basel 1 accord and Basel II accord is Basel II accord was not confined with the rating factor and was based on the fact one size fits all. However, Basel II accord mainly focuses on the rating factors of the borrowers. In Basel II, there are changes in internal processes and have developed a better risk management practices such as securitization monitoring and management of exposures and activities. Basel II has included three compliance frameworks based on the business model of the bank. The Standardized Approach which is almost similar to the Basel I rules was created and smaller, less-complex banks is required to follow it. However, for larger and more complex banks will be encouraged to adopt an Internal Ratings Based (IRB) Approach that directly links a banks risk ratings with its regulatory capital requirements. IRB approach seeks to differentiate risk on an asset-by-asset level for better decision making (Powell). Comparing to Standardized approach, IRB required more highly-complex modeling and expertise. Under the requirement in Basel I the weight for lending between banks was only 20% and the percentage still maintain at the same level under the simplified Basel II. However it has increased by 10% under the sophisticated approach. Lastly, Basel 3 pillar was applied in the Basel II. Pillar 1 provides guidelines for minimum capital requirements more accurate to each banks actual risk of economic loss. Next, pillar 2 evaluates the activities and risk profiles of individual banks. However, pillar 3 leverages the ability of market discipline to motivate prudent management by enhancing the degree of transparency in banks public reporting to shareholders and customers. From Basel II to Basel III However, there was also imperfection for Basel II in practicing the approach. In Basel II pillar 2 which is supervisory review process, is difficult to keep up with changes in market structure, practices and complexity. If there was a mistake in the supervisory in the review process, it will cause the policy makers will be ineffective in countering defects in Pillar 1 and therefore the Pillar 2 will be affected as well (Wignall Atkinson, 2010). Basel III have listed down the new capital and liquidity requirement to replace the Basel II for a better performance of job. There are few changes of development in Basel III compare to Basel II. First, there was an increased of quality of capital which there should be more than 50% of common equities and retained earnings as predominant component in tier 1instead of debt-like instruments. Besides, Basel III also increased the quantity of capital as well. The minimum common equity of tier 1 has increased from 2.0% to 4.5%. However, the total capital increased from 8.0% to 10.5%. Basel III now requires the banks to determine their capital requirement for counterparty credit risk using of stressed inputs. It can help to remove pro-cyclicality which will appear with using current volatility-based risk inputs. Moreover, leverage ratio was introduced for the intention of helping to avoid the build-up in excess leverage that can lead to a deleveraging credit crunch in a crisis situation. Leverage has been reduced through introduction of backstop leverage ratio. The leverage limit is set as 3%, i.e. a banks total assets should not be more than 33 time bank capital. Next, it also increase short term liquidity coverage by introducing the 30-day Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) which helps ensure that global banks have sufficient high-quality liquid assets to withstand a stressed funding scenario specified by supervisors. The following table represents the summary of Basel I, II, and III. Basel I Basel II Basel III Main Functions -also called Basel Accord classified the different categories of the banks assets according to different credit risk uses three pillars concepts minimum capital requirements, supervisory review and market discipline Pillar 1 Minimum Capital Requirements Pillar 2 Supervisory Review Pillar 3 Market Discipline strengthens bank capital requirements and introduces new regulatory requirements on bank liquidity and bank leverage Capital for Systemically Important Banks only -No capital for Systemically Important Banks only -Systemically important banks should have loss absorbing capacity beyond the standards announced today 2 New Liquidity Ratio -Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) -Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) No -LCR focuses on the shorter end of the time horizon. -NSFR looks at a medium term horizon. Common Equity Tier 1 capital Total Capital Common Equity Tier 1 capital Total Capital Minimum Requirements 2.0% 4.0% 8.0% 4.5% 6.0% 8.0% Additional Capital Conservation Buffer Not applicable 2.5% Additional Countercyclical Buffer Range Not applicable 0% 2.5% Additional Requirements For Systemically Important Financial Institutions Not applicable May be added to the other risk-weighted requirements Leverage ratio Not applicable May in effect add to the risk-weight requirements The related paper discussion on the changes in the indicator, along the development of Basel I to II to III. Basel I is the framework of minimum capital standards introduced in 1988 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and it was designed to enhance the safety and soundness of the international banking system thus to increase the competitive pressure for creating a more level playing field among internationally competitive banks where small difference on pricing could have competitive impact (Ahmed Khalidi (2007). Basel I was emphasized on the credit risk, all of the banks assets were categorized on five classification based on credit risk, such as holding risk weights of 0%, 20%, 50%, and 100%. A new 150% rating comes in Basel II for borrowers with poor credit ratings (Wikipedia, 2011). According to Basel I, those international banks are required to maintain their capital equivalent to 8% of risk weighted assets. However, it has been criticized because the low risk sensitiveness of its capital requirements may lead to greater risk raking and regulatory capital arbitrage practices by banks, furthermore it focused only on the credit risk while ignoring the bulk of multiple risks facing by banks today. Therefore, Basel II has been developed which relies on the three pillars as such capital requirement, supervisory review and market discipline to achieve the safety and soundness of the financial system. The new framework addresses the perceived shortcomings and structural weakness of Basel I and it is fairly complex compare to the crude risk weight of the Basel I in order to make its understanding implementation a challenge to both regulatory and the regulated community. In Basel II, it was focused on financial and operational risk that faced by bank. It created an international standard for banking regulators to exercise when decided the amount of capital that banks need to maintain and guard against the financial and operational risk. Basically, regulatory capital requirements for credit risk in Basel II are calculated according to two alternative approaches which are the Standardized and the Internal Ratings-Based (IRB). Standardized approach of the Basel II framework assembles the simplest options with the objective by simplifying choices for certain banks and supervisors for measuring the other determinants. For operational risk, there are 3 different approaches which are basic indicator approach, standardized approach, and the internal measurement approach whereas for the market risk, the preferred approach is VaR (value at risk). Besides that, Basel II was highlight on the three main fundamentals which are capital allocation to be more risk se nsitive, divided operational risk from credit risk and reduce the scope for regulatory arbitrage. Moreover, it has provided clearer picture on the definition of bank capital by using three pillars concept. In addition, Basel II put more attention on Pillar 1 by describing the different approaches to compute the minimum requirement. It seems that the principles and objectives of Pillar 2 and Pillar 3 is not very precise which left to national supervisors discretion. For Pillar 2, the supervisory review, supervisor tend to determine the banks rating based on its capital and risk levels. Low rated banks will be comparing to high rated banks to tighter the dividend restrictions in order to build capital. For Pillar 3, market discipline, public statement about the banks rating has been made by supervisor through showing the informational role played by rating agencies. It also shown the discipline enforced by uninsured depositors in order to allow the supervisor to reduce banks risk taki ng incentives by reducing the fraction of insured deposits. Overall, Basel II represents a rise in the risk sensitivity of banking regulation and supervision hence it reduces banks risk taking incentives and supervision cost (Elizalde, 2007). Basel III is a comprehensive set of measures to strengthen the regulation, supervision and risk management of the banking sector. It helps to improve the banking sectors ability to absorb shocks arising from economic and financial stress. The minimum regulatory standard for Tier 1 capital ratio has been increased from 4% in Basel II to 6% in Basel III. Basel III continues to be viable capital standard and it does not replace Basel I or Basel II in which Basel III is about more than just capital ratios. It proposed stronger capital framework by increasing the significantly the quality, the coverage, and the required level of bank capital. The components which include credit risk, market risk and operational risk have been adjusted in Basel III. Besides, the new definition of capital also has been adjusted where there are no sub-categories of Tier 2, elimination of Tier 3 category due to no real impact, and minimum requirements established for common equity Tier 1, Tier 2 and total cap ital has been set. Furthermore, there are new rules for counterparty credit risk to be finalized, for instance, the capital adequacy ratio is being raised where the minimum common equity requirement will be 4.5% as compare to the current 2%. A capital conservation buffer of 2.5% is to make sure that banks maintain the level of buffer of capital that can be used to absorb losses during periods of financial and economic stress, thus it will be added to the 4.5% to make a total requirement of 7% common equity to total risk-weighted assets. In Basel III, a countercyclical buffer within a range of 0% 2.5% of common equity or other fully loss absorbing capital will be implemented according to national circumstances. There are also two new liquidity ratios which consist of liquidity coverage ratio and net stable funding ratio are introduced in Basel III. Liquidity coverage ratio is focused on the shorter end of the time horizon and is aimed at ensuring that each bank owns liquid resources to such an amount that short term cash obligations are fulfilled even under a severe stress. In addition, Basel III is introducing a global minimum liquidity standard for internationally active banks that includes a 30-day liquidity coverage ratio requirement underpinned by a longer-term structural liquidity ratio. While, net stable funding ratio looks at a medium term horizon and focused on the structural balance between maturities of a banks assets and liabilities. It is aimed at preventing banks from exposing themselves to extreme maturity transformation risks by funding medium and long term assets with very short term liabilities. Besides that, based on Wikipedia (2011), the introduction of leverage ratio is an additional measurement of Basel II risk-based framework. The purposes of the introduction of leverage ratio are put a floor under the buildup of leverage in banking sector and to introduce additional safeguards against model risk and measurement error by increasing the r isk based with the measurement based on gross exposures. Moreover, in Basel III, it will help to strengthen the risk coverage of the capital frameworks especially for counterparty credit exposures arising from banks derivatives, repo and securities financing transactions. Hence, it also emphasize on raising the capital buffers backing these exposures while reduce procyclicality (Wikipedia, 2011). It would help to provide additional incentives to move OTC derivative contracts to central counterparties and most probably will be clearing houses. Student should gather own conclusion that Include: Agree, Disagree or Unable to make conclusion due to scarcity of data or information. In a nutshell, we can see that there is improvement through the development of Basel which is useful to adapt in fast changing economic and financial environment. Moreover, it is acts as a comprehensive guideline in helping the financial institutions to reshape their capital structure in order to improve their performance in gaining confidence from the public. Since the happening of global financial crisis, Basel has become one of the most important elements to ensure the banks always maintain its capital requirement for its soundness. In addition, the Basel developments show that the country issue is being focused thus it can enhance the ownership of the standard developed. There are few advantages of using the Basel to operate the banks performance level, which is it can raise the quality, consistency and transparency of capital base Tier 1 capital. Next, it helps to enhance risk coverage, from Basel II to Basel III there is apply a multiple of 1.25 to the asset value correlation of exposures to regulate financial firms with assets of at least $ 25 billion. This would have the effect of raising risk weights for such exposures. It may reduce the exposure risk of the assets of financial institutions and minimize the mistake when calculated the intrinsic value of the assets through the Basel. Last but not least, it may improve the leverage ratio of financial institution through Basel III.

How Hult Helped Me Land A Data Analytics Job With Google

Students of Hult International Business School are well-prepared for careers in tech, as they have the opportunity to combine their studies with international travel between the school’s global campuses. With home campus options between Boston, San Francisco, London or Dubai, and rotation campuses adding the chance to study in Shanghai or New York, students at Hult are immersed in an international world, learning about the business world across as many as three continents during their studies. Jasmin Elbert, Master of International Business, London Class of 2014 Jasmin Elbert pursued a Masters in International Business at Hult International Business School for exactly that reason—she now works in a data analytics role for Google, where she currently works as a search and automation specialist, helping clients maximize their search engine optimization by analyzing their data. â€Å"[The Masters] really helped develop [my] soft skills,† she says, â€Å"which is really important in real life—I learned how to work in multicultural environments, how to communicate with other people, and how to identify strengths [within a team].† Practical application: Hult Business Challenge Teamwork is harnessed through the Hult Business Challenge—students decide whether they want to enroll on the entrepreneurial track, where they incubate their own ideas, or the corporate track, where they work with a multinational company to solve a real-world business issue. Jasmin opted for the corporate track and was placed in a diverse-rich team formed of people from different nationalities, industries, and backgrounds, working with consumer services company Lebara Limited—they hired her afterwards as a market research analyst before she moved to IT services firm Accenture as a digital analyst. Now at Google though, she’s seen how tech companies place a large value on employees with a global mindset, as they look for people with an understanding of an array of cultures and personalities who can collaborate with their peers. While there, Jasmin has begun to see the true value of the Masters in International Business from Hult and explains: â€Å"I think because nowadays you can do online courses and learn whatever you want, [companies like] Accenture and Google look [closely] at the soft skills.† Forward-thinking curriculum: Dual degree in Business Analytics and Nano courses in Disruptive Tech Though the emphasis on soft skills within the tech industry is growing exponentially, Hult also prepares students with all the hard knowledge they will need to succeed in the rapidly changing world of technology. The school offers Nano courses in Disruptive Technologies, one-credit modules in topics such as Autonomous Vehicles, AI and Machine Learning, Robotics, and Blockchain. MBA and Masters students also have the option to dive further into the world of tech by undertaking a further six months of study after they graduate, as part of the Dual Degree program. Acquiring a Dual Degree in  Masters in Business Analytics—which enables them to become data analysts, business analysts, or data science managers.   To ensure graduates are equipped to take on todays market demands and the rise of big data, the Masters in Business Analytics is also available to take as a stand-alone, one-year degree–representing the evolving nature of Hults highly-relevant curriculum. Read the full article, originally posted here. To find out  more about our global  Masters program,  download a brochure Dive deep into analysis and data in the business world with Hults Masters in Business Analytics. To learn more, take a look at our blog The Promise of Data Science is Not Just a Technical One or get into broader business challenges with a Masters in International Business instead. Download a brochure or get in touch today to find out how Hult can help you to explore everything about the business world, the future, and yourself. Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021 Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021"> During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . Happy New Year, Hultians! . Happy New Year, Hultians! .

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Ethics, Morals, And Upbringing - 996 Words

Throughout the history of ethics there have been many debatable questions asked. Some of these questions of ethics are broad and some are very straight forward. I will state my opinion on the questions asked with either yes or no, and give my reasoning on why I feel that way. My opinion on these topics leads back to my ethics, morals, and upbringing. These topics require people to really think about what is being asked. Most of my opinions on these questions are strictly yes or no, but some are not so easy to decide on. To begin, these are the questions of ethics that I think are strictly yes. I think that human beings do have a natural tendency to do well in life. I think that almost everyone is raised to be a good person over all. There are some people who choose an evil path but for the most part everyone wants to be a good person. They just make life choices then they become evil. For example, I think that most people want to be nice to everyone but there are factors that stress people out and influence their mood. Next, I think that there are times when a person can go wrong by following his or her conscience, but for the most part it usually is a good idea to follow ones conscience. But if someone acts too fast on a decision then following their conscience could be a bad thing. Someone’s conscience is based on morals and things that they have learned throughout their life. For example, following ones conscience is a good idea if the person uses it to help makeShow MoreRelatedPersonal C ode of Ethics Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Code of Ethics Having a personal code of ethics is very important to me since it defines who I am and what my beliefs are. My ethical code symbolizes who I am as an individual as a result of my moral, religious, intellectual and cultural upbringing. One of my greatest wishes is for my personality and actions to clearly define my code of ethics, without me verbalizing or someone else reading it on a document. Some questions that I would like others to ask and come up with theirRead MoreThe Legality Presides Over Morality1450 Words   |  6 Pagesthis world have various views on certain topics of morality and ethics. On the other hand, the Law is set and stone, everyone must conform to the same regulations. In a major city setting where drugs, violence, and sexual immorality are an everyday way of life for many Bostonians†¦ Patrick Kenzie, and his wife Angie must pursue the investigation to help with the abduction of Amanda McCready. This investigation sparks very tough moral dilemmas, and ethical reason in Patrick throughout the movie. ThisRead MoreMoral Theories Of Utilitarianism And Deontological Ethics1266 Words   |  6 PagesBeidong Zhang Philosophy 108 Prof. Meredith Gunning Final Examination December, 6, 2014 Section A Moral theories of Utilitarianism and Deontology Utilitarianism and deontological ethics are two major theories of ethics, specifying and justifying moral principles. Utilitarianism has been clarified by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Bentham proposed that actions are based upon the consequences (Moreland, 2009), and ongoing work on his theory will help in providing groundsRead MoreThe Importance Of Acting Ethically When Working As A Nurse1318 Words   |  6 Pagesworking as a nurse. Introduction: Ethics is an essential aspect of health care practice and those working in the nursing profession are often subject to frequent ethical dilemmas. It is essential for all nurses to be aware of the importance of ethics in health care and to practice within the ethico-legal parameters that govern the profession. However, while this is relatively easy in theory, ethics is not a black and white subject and often one’s culture, upbringing, attitudes and beliefs can influenceRead MoreEthics And Morals Are An Incredibly Personal Thing1534 Words   |  7 Pages Ethics and morals are an incredibly personal thing. There are several influences that mold and shape the moral and ethics self that a person is to become. Parents, teachers, friends, enemies, siblings, stories and experiences are just a few of the major influences on who a person might become, morally and ethically. It’s these influences that are so important to grow and develop. Based on these influences there may be an exquisite outcome of a moral and just person. However, there may be adverseRead MoreHow The Counseling Field Is Tremendously Diverse And It Is Critical For Counselors977 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the time we are little, our upbringing and life experience shapes us into who we are as adults. Part of us that is shaped is our philosophy and beliefs. We develop philosophies of how we think of the world. When we attain these attitudes they may be positive or negative depending on the person and their upbringing. As we get older these viewpoints alter and may grow either stronger or weaker. Expanding on this idea of the attitudes of the world, we develop these attitudes in our workplace.Read MoreKohlberg s Stages Of Moral Development815 Words   |  4 Pagescompare and contrast the moral developments of each. For this exercise, I have chosen to compare and contrast my thirteen year old autistic son, Matthew and my late grandfather, Merritt Cole who was 84 years old. Before delving into the subject matter, I feel compelled to provide background information on the stages of moral development according to esteemed psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg. According to Williams and Arrigo (2008), Kohlberg suggested that morality and moral reasoning proceed throughRead MoreKant : Kant s Ethics1293 Words   |  6 PagesKhaled AlMarwani Philosophical Ethics PHL270 Dr. Elizabeth F. Cooke Question # 1: Kant’s Ethics According to my humble reading, Kant is considered the hardest to read, grasp and understand among the philosophers that we came across studying ethics. According to Kant, nothing could be called good without qualification except a good will. And the good will is the desire or the tendency to do your duty because it is your duty, not anything else. Thus, nothing can be gained out of an actionRead MoreThe Comparable And Contrastable Philosophies Of Kierkegaard And Kant Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesviews of Soren Kierkegaard and Immanuel Kant. Their extraordinary journeys towards the meaning of morality and ethics is riveting, spiritual, universal, and in many ways, incredibly different. My conclusion is that though there are aspects which bind their theories together, ultimately both men possess different understandings of what morality is and how an individual ought to be moral. Kierkegaard, while exemplifying a less structured philosophical outline embeds his theory t oo heavily on ChristianRead More Ethical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation977 Words   |  4 PagesQuestions about Value and Obligation I Recall the distinction between metaethics and normative ethics. Normative ethics deals with substantial ethical issues, such as, What is intrinsically good? What are our moral obligations? Metaethics deals with philosophical issues about ethics: What is value or moral obligation? Are there ethical facts? What sort of objectivity is possible in ethics? How can we have ethical knowledge? Recall, also, the fundamental dilemma of metaethics. Either

male and female relationships Essay - 592 Words

Female vs. Male Friendships nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Male and female friendships are different and alike in many ways. They differ in how men and women can relate to each other both physically and emotionally. Men and women also differ in the communication aspect. In both friendships, there is a certain level of competitiveness, and the friends obviously will have the same interest in common. Friendships will differ from person to person because of the different personalities, but there will be the same likes and differences. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Physical and emotional closeness definitely is different for men and women friendships. Women can be physically close to each other and be very comfortable, for example sleeping in†¦show more content†¦For example, when women don’t talk to each other for a couple of days, sometimes those days will be seen as the friendship is coming to an end. If a man does not talk to his friend on a regular basis, to a man that just means that their friend is either busy or is just hanging with other friends. Men are better with confrontation then women. A man will come right out and tell his friend that he is upset with his actions, whereas a woman will act as if nothing is wrong and continue the friendship and eventually blow up at her friend. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In both friendships, there will be a certain level of competitiveness, whether or not the sexes admit to it. Both men and women compete for the opposite sex. There are other things that they compete at such as academics, sports, looks, video games and just about everything in general. No matter if it is a male to male, female-to-female or female to male, in all friendships there must be a common interest. Without that interest, there is no friendship. Whether it is a mutual friend or what kind of beer you like, that interest must be present or there is no reason for the friendship. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Different personalities will obviously determine who will be friends. Male and female friendships are alike in that they both are seeking friends with the same interest and they compete with each other. Men and womenShow MoreRelatedFemale Relationships Between Female And Male Conversations884 Words   |  4 PagesAs the laugh they all laughed, and the joke they all told, and the secrets they all shared. Female and Male friends are similar and distinctive in so many ways. But one thing they share among each other is their friendship. Such Conversations, Activities and personalities are displayed differently between male and females. It is evident that female and male conversations differ from each other. Females can hold a conversation on the phone for hours and not run out of things to say, beginning fromRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper : Relationship Between Male And Female Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesSpogmay THE YELLOW WALLPAPER In the text â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† the relationship between male and female reveal the way women were governed by men and other male influences in the 19th century. The protagonist is nameless, giving her no identity, while the male/husband has a name in the story. In the Y.W the protagonist tries to play the role of a good domestic wife and submit to what her husband John says. There are times where she disagrees with John, for example when the protagonist disagreesRead MoreEssay on Male and Female Relationships in Generation Y3731 Words   |  15 PagesMale and Female Relationships in Generation Y Sexual relationships among teenagers today involve not only dating and sexual activity, but also health and lifestyle issues such as sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies. Today’s teens are more informed and willing to practice safe sex than previous generations. As a whole, trends like body piercing for sexual pleasure all the way to strict abstinence have been adopted by Generation Y youth (Codrington). Where did it all beginRead MoreHow male/female relationships are portrayed in Macbeth and poems2512 Words   |  11 PagesMale/female relationships are portrayed differently in the poems ‘Porphyria’s Lover’, ‘Havisham’, ‘Cousin Kate’ and the play ‘Macbeth’. They all surround the themes of love, hate, jealousy, betrayal, guilt and obsession. However, the love versus hate theme is most dominant because all of the poems and the play have a melancholy mood, showing how the key characters have been hurt by love through their relationships and how afterwards, the way they feel has also been affected. Shakespeare’s charactersRead MoreThe Depiction of Male/Female Relationships in Tolstoys War and Peace1929 Words   |  8 Pagesa way of exploring the various types of love, and in general the interactions between men and women of the time. This essay will attempt to focus on these relationships in an effort to get a better idea of Tolstoy’s views on the proper roles that men and women should play as friends, lovers, or spouses. By exploring the male/female relationships among the noble families, a detailed picture of both the expectations and realms of acceptable behavior will be established. Pierre Bezhukov, the illegitimateRead MoreMale And Female Relationships : The Gilb s Love And The Love Of My Life2599 Words   |  11 PagesMale and female relationships have different aspects to them. The male in most male and female relationships reflect how dependent the female will be in everyday life. Depending on how dependent the female is on the male in her life, may cause her to not be able to think for herself. The more dominant the male is, the more dependent the female will be. This statement can be proved in Fin’s â€Å"The Bridegroom,† in Gilb’s â€Å"Love in L.A.,† and in Boyle’s â€Å"The Love of My Life.† Ha Jin is the author of theRead More Comparing Male and Female Relationships in Cat in The Rain and Hills Like White Elephants by Hemingway1039 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Male and Female Relationships in Cat in The Rain and Hills Like White Elephants by Hemingway This relationship is examined closely in two short stories. The stories, Cat in The Rain, and Hills Like White Elephants, both show a man and a woman in what seems to be a quiet and passive moment. However in both stories, Hemingway carefully uses imagery and subtlety to convey to the reader that the relationship in the story is flawed, and is quite clearly dysfunctional. Both male charactersRead MoreMale And Female Relationships : An Important Integrant Of Nineteenth Century British Society And Literature1587 Words   |  7 PagesMale-to-male relationships are an important integrant of nineteenth-century British society and literature. Throughout the nineteenth-century shifts of masculine self-identification took place (Dellamora, 2). And homosociality is the unacknowledged entity that exists between the intestacies of solid masculinity. Jean Lipman-Blumen defines homosocial as: Enjoyment, and/or preference for the company of the same sex†¦it does not necessarily involve†¦an explicitly erotic sexual interaction betweenRead MoreExplore the Relationships Presented Between Males and Females, by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, in the First Two Acts.1423 Words   |  6 PagesExplore the relationships presented between males and females, by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, in the First Two Acts. Even before we delve into the metaphorical and poetic world of William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, the fate of our titled characters has already been told as we find out about ‘A pair of star-crossd lovers’ who ‘take their life’. However the story, as we begin to read, is far from explained and unfolded, in fact, Romeo and Juliet have not even met. The characters inRead MoreCompare How Male Female Relationships in Two of the Following Emma, Wuthering Heights and Great Expectations-- Reflect the Mores and Values of Victorian Society1467 Words   |  6 Pageshow male female relationships in two of the following Emma, Wuthering Heights and Great Expectations-- reflect the mores and values of Victorian society â€Å"The Victorian period formally begins in 1837 (the year Victoria became Queen) and ends in 1901 (the year of her death)† (Kirschen).  British novels such as Wuthering Heights and Emma reflect and uphold mores and values of the Victorian society. This is portrayed through the characters in the novels where high priority is given to the male female

Similarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism - 942 Words

CCOT Essay Hinduism and Buddhism were both founded and popular in northern India by 600 CE. Although Hinduism and the Hindu caste system maintained a strong influence in South Asia throughout 600-1750 CE, the Hindu majority eventually gave way as Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and syncretic faiths gradually moved in and across the Indian Ocean basin by 1750 CE. Even then, Hinduism did spread from northern India through southern India to Southeast Asia. The caste system was maintained from 600-1750 CE, given the fact that Hinduism promoted such rigid class distinctions as morally right, though the caste system developed sub-castes during this period. Buddhism actually declined with Hinduism and Islam gaining more ground in its native India only to slowly gain influence in SE Asia. This spread was caused by Buddhist merchants, who brought their religion to their trade partners. Founded in 622, Islam had large and rapid growth due to early military conquests, spread of religion through missionary work, and trade, which exposed non-Muslim merchants to the religion. Other faiths such as Christianity, Sikhism, and Akbar’s â€Å"Divine Faith† had modest success. By 1750, the Indian Ocean contained many different religions, and each faith influenced various empires, social classes, and port cities to differing degrees. In 600, Hinduism already had a strong foothold in northern India, though not in southern India. As Buddhism declined in popularity after 600, Hinduism often benefited,Show MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism948 Words   |  4 PagesBoth Hinduism and Buddhism came from the region called India. Hinduism was the dominant one in the subcontinent, while Buddhism had to flee to other regions to spread its belief to the people. The creation of Hinduism will eventually give birth to Buddhism later on. Even though both â€Å"religions† came from the same region, they have some similarities and differences between them. Hinduism from the start was a combination of different beliefs or ceremonies from the Indus Valley Civilization. All ofRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism995 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Hinduism and Buddhism There are more than seven billion people living across the world and about 19 major religions with about 270 subgroups. In many states and countries, there are two or more religions that are being practiced by its residents. Hinduism and Buddhism are two of the 19 major religions, that are widely practiced. Hinduism and Buddhism both have common origins, and share similar beliefs. Both Hinduism and Buddhism are religions that focus on the way to liveRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism856 Words   |  4 PagesLearning about both Hinduism and Buddhism, particularly about the art and architecture of both cultures made me realize they are not that different as I thought first. Both cultures are beautiful and rich, and if someone takes a deeper look can see that they are depending on each other. Many people forget that Buddha was born into a Hindu society, and his views and beliefs which led to a brand new culture are based on Hinduism. Of course I am not saying the two are the same because that wouldn’tRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism863 Words   |  4 PagesPHIL 2120 Paper #1 Xinyang Wang Comparison of Permanence between Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India around 500 BCE. We have to admit that they share a lot of similarities, but also involve tons of differences. For example, as Hinduism claims that Atman is Brahman, Buddhism reject the existence of Atman. Hindus think that the way to becoming enlightened is to union with God, but Buddhists pursue a throughout understanding of theRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism975 Words   |  4 PagesHinduism and Buddhism have a connected history as both of these religions use similar teachings and terminologies to maintain order among their respective followers and societies. Ideally a society’s religious teachings should contribute to its political, social, economic and cultural discussions. However, correlating this way of thinking to a political theology may prove to be difficult because most people have more important matters to be concerned about than adhering to morale. Various peopleR ead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism1351 Words   |  6 Pagesreligions, Hinduism and Buddhism, that came out of India thousands of years ago. Though these two religions are old, they are still practiced today by millions of followers within the continent of Asia and the West. First, I would like to introduce the religion of Hinduism. The term Hinduism was derived a river of South Asia, the Indus. This term was used by the ancient Persians to classify the people of that region of the North-West territory of the subcontinent. Indian religion, Hinduism, was theRead MoreSimilarities Between Buddhism And Hinduism1404 Words   |  6 Pages Buddhism and Hinduism are closely related when comparing the two. Buddhism was created based on the ideologies of Hinduism. There differences on their views with the idea of self and transmigration. They compare with one another with the problems of having senses, desires and anger. Hinduism believes in everything being unified together as one ultimate reality, which is Brahman. Brahman is the truth of all. Atman is considered as the true and pure self. Atman and Brahman are identical with oneRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism843 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the religion itself is fairly young. Take Hinduism and Buddhism, for example, which might be considered very similar in the fact that Buddhism was born from Hinduism. Although in Western context, Hinduism is referred to as a religion. Hindu traditionalists on the other-hand call it â€Å"Sanatana Dharma† and consider it a culture or a â€Å"way of life†. When we analyze the facts and break the two religions down, we can depict that both Hinduism and Buddhism have differences in views, practices, and beliefsRead MoreSimilarities and Difference Between Hinduism and Buddhism. Essay2345 Words   |  10 PagesSimilarities and difference between Hinduism and Buddhism. Buddhism believes in the process of reincarnation based on deeds of the present life. Hinduism also believes that everyone is a part of an impersonal world and therefore, ones soul reincarnates into another body of any being, based on the deeds of the present life. One has to work for salvation oneself and therefore, cannot blame others for the same. The salvation depends on the good deeds of a person. In Hinduism also, one attains salvationRead MoreThe Similarities and Differences between Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism1194 Words   |  5 Pagesteachings: Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. These three sects in religious thinking have many similarities as all recognize the life-cycle and the need of liberation, they worship one central deity that used to be a human who gained enlightenment and they all recognize the existence of the eternal soul and after-death re-incarnation. However, they also share a lot of differences that mark the underlying principles of practicing them. I will identify the scope of differences and similarities in these

Organization Development and Change †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Internal and External Contextual Factors. Answer: An organization can be defined as an individual or a group of people who collaborates together to achieve some specific commercial goals. Some business organizations are set up in order to earn money for the owners and some non-profit organizations are for the public purposes. In other words, an organization can be defined as a structured group of people need to pursue a collective goal (Cummings Worley, 2014). The objective of this essay is to gain some knowledge and understanding of the internal and external contextual factors that will mark its impact on a business organization and its way of making decisions. The essay throws light on a hypothetical business start up, a brief description of the organization, its size, the industry and the country or countries in which it will operate and the strategies and visions it will adopt. It also includes the internal and external contextual factors that will impact the business organization, the probable risks of the business, the practices which needs to be adopted to enhance the organizational performance, the most important functions of the organization and its relation to its performance. I am planning to start a business of costume jewelry in Sydney. It will manufacture different designs of earring, necklaces, pendants and bangles. All the products will have unique designs which will differentiate it from other jewelers of the city, attracting more and more customers. Initially, the size of the jewelry shop would be medium, depending on the capital. The customers will have a wide range of costume jewelry offerings to choose from. They will also have the facility to customize the items based on their choice. Moreover, the design of a shop highly matters in order to attract people. The shop will have colorful lights all over with wall arts. Any business organization has some internal and external environmental forces which will impact its growth. It is beyond the control of the business owner and their management team which will affect the organization. These forces can be the customers, competitors, creditors, socio cultural organizations, government, national and international organizations, political parties and others. Some of the above forces may directly or indirectly affect the progress of the business (Cummings Worley, 2014). A business organization has some general and specific forces. General forces are the ones which affect an individual firm indirectly and specific forces affect an enterprise on a daily basis. Moreover a business organization is dynamic and it keeps changing, be in terms of technological improvement, change in the preferences of consumers or the entry of any new competition of the organization in market. Uncertainties are there in any business organization because it is too difficult to pre dict what is going to happen in the future, especially when the changes are occurring too frequently (Baker, 2014). The internal environmental forces have direct impact on any business organization; on the other hand the external environmental forces have indirect influence on any business organization. Some of the internal forces which will have impact on any business organization are discussed here. The founders value system plays a very important role on the objectives of the business organization, choice of business, its practices and policies (Fransen, 2013). Vision is also an important factor in achieving the mission or aim of any organization. If the vision or prediction is wrong then it can hamper the progress of the business organization. Moreover, the business organizations structure also influences its decisions. The structure refers to the organizations board of directors, management, employees and others. The organizations style and structure may lead to the delay of making any decision (Kuratko, Hornsby Covin, 2014). The external forces have indirect impact on the business organization. Some of them are mentioned here. The working or operating environment of the organization needs to be professional as it has indirect impact on the organizations operations. The suppliers need to be efficient as they supply the raw materials to the organization (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). Along with these factors, the organization should be able to maintain a good amount customers base. A businesss progress and existence depends on its customers. The intermediaries of marketing which include agents and other middlemen help any company to find its customers and financers. If the marketing is not done properly then it would impact the business organization. Moreover, a business progress depends on how much media attention it is getting. Media helps in getting mass attention, so adequate media coverage is required for its growth (Kuratko, Hornsby Covin, 2014). There are also some business risks which will confront the organization. It can be categorized into five factors. Those factors can be economic, social, political, legal and technical. The economic environment refers to the business economy and the socio economic infrastructure. If the businesss economy is not good enough it will risk its growth (Wild, Wild Han, 2014). Moreover, the sociological factors like cost, value system of the society, conventions, customs, labors mobility and others have a huge impact on the business organization. The political factors include the influence of any political organization, the governments ideology or the party which is in power, philosophy of the political parties, extent and the nature of bureaucracy, influence of the primary groups and more (Kaplan Mikes, 2012). Legal factors are the flexibility of the law and the adaptability of other laws which are governing the business organization. It may also include the courts rulings and decisions. With all the above factors, comes the last one which is the influence of technical environment. Any business is largely influenced by technical development. The technology which is adapted by the organization determines the quality and the type of products or services it will produce and the equipments which are used (Sadgrove, 2016). There are several business practices that need to be adopted to enhance organizational performance. Those are discussed here. Firstly, it is necessary to choose the right equipment for any business start up. It reduces the chance of any risky errors and it will improve the way of doing business. Therefore, before buying any equipment, it is important to thoroughly check the present as well as future needs of any business. The equipments should be in good condition along with several features, which will give good results. If any replacement is required, it should be done beforehand (Kaplan Mikes, 2012). Secondly, use of right technology to improve the operations. With the advent of digital media, marketing has gone too far. Digital marketing can be done to reach the international customers. Web technology helps in improving the business marketing and reach to the furthest corners. Online purchases would help the business getting international acclamation, it should be tracked and ch ecked whether any customer is facing any kind of problem or not, on a daily basis (Fransen, 2013). Thirdly, employees behavior should be checked daily. It is important to keep a track record of all the employees working for the organization. If they are facing any kind of problem in the organization, it should be immediately taken care of. Fourthly, while doing the business, it is important to keep a record of the product which is having the most percentage of profit and which needs improvement. There should be a suggestion box for the customers, which will help in the improvement of the business organization. Customers should have lucrative opening offers and discounts to gain more and more attention. Moreover, media attention is necessary for any business start up, so the opening ceremony should have media coverage (Chen et al., 2014). This essay also discusses the most important functions within the business organization and how it is related to its performance. Firstly, the production function, which is the creation of products and services, undertaking several processes and using proper equipments. The production depends on the organization, labors, capital, materials and facilities for the smooth operation of the business. Moreover, it is important to meet the delivery schedules within the given time and perform the operations at the minimal costs (Schaper, 2014). Secondly, the function of marketing, which is the way of getting the products and services to the consumers, satisfying their desires and needs. It is the function of bringing together the producers of the organization with its customers, in a relationship of exchanging and ownership transfer takes place. Marketing involves product distribution, promotion and pricing. This function also involves the digital marketing, which is very important nowadays. It enhances product sales and marketing. Thirdly, the finance function of the business organization, which includes decisions related to investment, finance and dividend (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo Gutirrez-Gutirrez, 2012). Fourthly, the human resource function deals with the human side of any business. It maintains an effective and capable workforce, motivating the employees to give their fullest in order to achieve the goals of the organization. Fifthly, the information function, which is basically, concerned with the track records of any business. It helps in maintaining the organizational records, analyzing and providing information, operational function as well as public relations function. Last but not the least, is the innovation function, which is the implementation of new and innovative ideas or opinions to enhance the business performance. The ideas can be of anyone, be it the owner, or the associates or even the consumers suggestions (Zikmund et al., 2013). To conclude, an organization is set up to achieve certain goals. Various organizations have different policies; objectives and work flow which help them grow. While setting up a business it is important to keep in mind the above factors. No matter how small the business organization is, it is necessary to keep all sorts of records and check that marketing is done properly. Marketing is the powerhouse of any business organization; it is responsible for a successful organization. Moreover, digital marketing must be done which will be beneficial for any industry. It helps the organization reach the international markets and gain mass attention. References: Baker, M. J. (2014).Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Nevo, S., Jin, J., Wang, L., Chow, W. S. (2014). IT capability and organizational performance: the roles of business process agility and environmental factors.European Journal of Information Systems,23(3), 326-342. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Fransen, L. (2013). The embeddedness of responsible business practice: Exploring the interaction between national-institutional environments and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,115(2), 213-227. Garca-Morales, V. J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M. M., Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L. (2012). Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), 1040-1050. Kaplan, R. S., Mikes, A. (2012). Managing risks: a new framework. Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., Covin, J. G. (2014). Diagnosing a firm's internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship.Business Horizons,57(1), 37-47. Sadgrove, K. (2016).The complete guide to business risk management. Routledge. Schaper, M. T., Volery, T., Weber, P. C., Gibson, B. (2014).Entrepreneurship and small business. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson. Wild, J. J., Wild, K. L., Han, J. C. (2014).International business. Pearson Education Limited. Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., Griffin, M. (2013).Business research methods. Cengage Learning.

Sexual Anatomy free essay sample

Sexual Anatomy On the female body there are many external sex organs. One of the organs is the vulva. Vulva comes from a Latin term that means â€Å"wrapper† or â€Å"covering†. There are six different parts to the vulva. The different parts are: the Mons Veneris; Labia Majora; Labia Minora; the Clitoris and the vaginal opening. The mons veneris consists of fatty tissue that covers the joint of the pubic bones in front of the body. It is below the abdomen and above the clitoris. The mons veneris cushions a woman’s body during sexual intercourse. It can protect her and her partner from the pressure against the pubic bone that they can feel that comes from thrusting. The Labia Majora are large folds of skin that run downward from the mons veneris along the sides of the vulva. When they are close together, they protect the labia minora and the urethral and vaginal openings. They are supplied with many nerve endings that can respond to stimulation and product sexual pleasure. It also protects the inner female genitals. The Labia Minora are two hairless, light colored membranes, located between the major lips. They surround the urethral and vaginal openings. The outer surfaces of labia minora merge with the major lips. The labia minora is rich in blood vessels and nerve endings, making them highly sensitive to sexual stimulation. They can darken and swell when they are stimulated. The clitoris is the only sex organ who’s only known purpose is to experience pleasure. The clitoral shaft consists of erectile tissue that contains two spongy masses called corpora cavernous that will fill with blood and become erect in response to sexual stimulation. It is less apparent than the erection of the male’s penis. It has an indirect role in reproduction in that it is the female sex organ most sensitive to sexual sensation and thus a motivator of sexual activity. The vestibule refers to the areas within the labia minora that have the openings to the vagina and the urethra. It has a number of nerve endings and is very sensitive to tactile or other sexual stimulation. The urethral opening is where urine passes through after passing through the females. It is connected by a short tube to the bladder. You do not see an entire vagina; instead you see the vaginal opening. Its shape resembles that of the hymen. The hymen is a fold of tissue across the vaginal opening that is usually present at birth. The presence of a hymen is a proof of virginity and the absence of a hymen is evidence of sexual intercourse. The perineum is where the skin and underlying tissue between the vaginal opening and the anus. There are many nerve endings because stimulation of the area may heighten sexual arousal. The clitoral crura are wing-shaped, leg like structure that attaches the clitoris to the pubic bone beneath it. It contains corpora cavernous. The vestibular bulbs are on the clitoris at the top and go down along the sides of the vaginal opening. During sexual arousal blood congests the bulbs making the vagina longer and the vulva to swell. Both partners can be affected by this. Bartholin’s glands lie just inside the minor lips on each side of the vaginal opening. They create a couple of drops of lubrication right before orgasm. There are a few internal sex organs to a female body. The vagina extends back and upward from the vaginal opening. It is about three to five inches long when it is at rest. During sexual intercourse, the penis is contained within the vagina. During sexual arousal the vagina expands in length and width. The cervix is the lower end of the uterus. Its walls are much like the walls of a vagina. The cervix produces secretions that help keep the chemicals in the vagina in balance. Sperm passes through the vagina to the uterus through the cervical canal. The uterus, better known as the womb is the organ in which a fertilized egg implants and develops until birth. The fallopian tubes are about four inches in length and extend from the upper end of the uterus toward the ovaries. Women have two ovaries, they are in the shape of almonds and can be about 1 ? inches long. They are one either side of the uterus. They produce egg cells and the female sex hormones known as estrogen and progesterone. The penis is one of the external sex organs on the male. It is used in sexual intercourse. The penis is also a place urine comes from. Semen and urine pass out of the penis through the urethral meatus, meaning passage. The glans of the penis is extremely sensitive to sexual stimulation. The male internal sex organs include testes. The organs that manufacture sperm and testosterone. These tubes and ducts conduct sperm through the male reproductive systems. The testes are the male gonads. They serve two purposes. They secrete sex hormones and produce mature germ cells. Germ cells are also known as sperm and the sex hormones are androgens. Testosterone is the most important androgens. The vas deferens is a thin cylindrical tube about 16 inches long that serves as a conduit for mature sperm. Seminal vesicles are small glands which are two inches long. They open into ejaculatory ducts, where the fluids they secrete combine with sperm. The alkalinity in the prostate gland neutralizes some of the acidity of the vaginal tract. It prolongs the life span of sperm as it enters the females system. Cowper’s gland lies below the prostate and empty secretions into the urethra. During sexual arousal they secrete a drop or so of clear, slippery fluid that appears at the tip of the penis.

Macintyre And Determinism Essays - Philosophy, Metaphysics

Macintyre And Determinism Behavior is quite an interesting aspect of man to observe. All day long we demonstrate diverse types of behavior, from eating certain foods to speaking in certain ways. But of most interest is rational behavior. Behavior is rational if, and only if, it can be influenced, or inhibited by the adducing of some logically relevant consideration. (p.297) In his essay MacIntyre tries to show us that rational behavior is not causally determined, but that it comes out of our free will. The discovery of causal explanations for our actions, and the like, shows, or tries to show, that we could not have done other than what we did. From this, then, there would be no point to morality, which has been at the forefront of human thought for ages. But then again, to say the human behavior is inexplicable is to deny all that we have learned from the sciences. We have already given the definition for rational behavior, but in this definition we find a point which must be clarified, that of a logically relevant consideration. What exactly is a logically relevant consideration? Well, that is logically relevant will necessarily vary from case to case. And it can vary so much that MacIntyre even goes as far as saying that the task of philosophy might almost be defined as the task of defining 'logical relevance'. (p. 297) Rational behavior is then said to be defined with reference to the possibility of altering it by some logically relevant consideration. Thus, to show that a behavior is rational is enough to show that it is not causally determined, in the sense of it being the effect of certain conditions outside of a person's control. Being that there is rational behavior, it must follow that there is such a thing non-rational behavior. Non-rational behavior is, of course, behavior which does not take logically relevant considerations into account. Such an act can be said to be impulsive. As in all philosophical discourse the opposing party usually proposes a counter-attack. In this case, the determinist has launched a three-stage counter attack against free actions. Firstly the determinist argues that, in the widest sense of the word cause, the giving of a reason may function as a cause. MacIntyre argues against this by saying that to act because you were given reasons to act would not necessarily be to act in a causally determined way. (p. 299) For, in terms of the concept of rational behavior, we can certainly differentiate between a giving of reasons which is causally effective and a giving of reasons which is rationally effective. The determinist then moves to the second stage of his argument. He will say that there are empirical grounds for believing that we can always be mistaken about rational behavior. It may seem like the behavior is influenced by rational considerations when, in fact, it is completely determined by antecedent causes. To disprove this MacIntyre says that such antecedent causes would only determine the event in the absence of logically relevant conditions. In other words, if a logically relevant idea were offered to contradict the event about to take place, it is most likely that reason would take over and prevent that event from occurring. We now come to the determinist final attempt to disprove the act of free will. He might suggest that advances in learning theory, for example, might teach us that rational, intelligent behavior was nothing more than well-drilled behavior, of which a complete causal account could be given, only provided that that account was sufficiently complex. (p. 300) But how can this be? There are two problems in this suggestion. For one thing, a man might one day decide to stop being immoral. He may weigh out the pros and cons of a situation and decide to go with what is moral. Secondly, if determinism is to rest its hopes on such a complex pattern of explanation then it becomes very hard to either verify or disprove it. MacIntyre provides us with an example. Suppose that the determinist is able to formulate a complete explanation of my behavior in causal terms. But also suppose that my behavior is rational. Now what test can determine whether I acted because